DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A HISTORICAL MATHEMATICS TEACHING MODEL FOR ALGEBRA IN MALAYSIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS USING DDR TYPE II

Abstract

This study aims to develop a teaching model that integrates historical elements into the topic of algebra for Form 4 students under the Malaysian Standard Curriculum for Secondary Schools (KSSM). Utilizing the Design and Development Research (DDR) Type II approach, the study was carried out in three phases: needs analysis, model design and development, and formative evaluation. In the first phase, interviews were conducted with 15 mathematics teachers to identify teaching gaps and the feasibility of integrating historical narratives. The second phase involved validation of the proposed model using the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) with 8 experts. The final phase involved formative evaluation through teacher interviews to assess the usability and relevance of the model. Findings reveal a positive reception towards the historical approach and highlight the need for context-based pedagogy in mathematics. This model may serve as an effective instructional tool to enhance student engagement, conceptual understanding, and appreciation of mathematical development.